Traditional Foods

Ecuador is known for its fabulous exotic fruits, high quality fish and seafood, and its seemingly countless types of potatoes in the Andes. In Ecuador, food is intrinsically linked to culture. Across the country you'll find a broad spectrum of national and regional dishes, including lemon-marinated shrimp (ceviche) on the coast, toasted corn, and pastries stuffed with spiced meats. If you're feeling courageous, you can put your culinary bravery to the test with roasted cuy (guinea pig) or tronquito (bull penis soup).

For those on a budget, the best way to stretch your sucres is to take advantage of set plate meals, an Ecuadorian institution in many restaurants. Lunches (almuerzos) and dinners (meriendas) usually give you a soup, main course (including meat), and dessert for around USD $1.50. Vegetarian versions are often available upon request.

At only pennies per bite, bakeries offer a delicious range of breads, sweet pastries, and savory snacks, such as empanadas (hot, crispy meat or cheese-filled pastries) and llapingachos (potato and cheese pancakes). Dishes sold in the street are also quite cheap, but hygiene is often questionable, and you may quickly surpass your intestinal limits. A good rule to follow is the "locals rule" -- if the place is frequented by many locals, the food probably merits joining the crowd.

The typical Ecuadorian diet of rice, potatoes, and meat (beef and chicken everywhere, pork in the Sierra) is complimented by another national culinary institution, aji (hot sauce). Most Ecuadorian restaurants and homes have their own version of aji, each with its own intensity of "picante" (a word derived from the verb to bite or to sting; meaning spicy), so sample a bit before smothering your food! If you don't see a little bowl of aji on your table, just ask - they´ve surely got it. In addition to aji, basic dishes are usually accompanied by the proverbial rice, small salad, and potatoes or patacones (squashed, fried green bananas). On the coast and in the Amazon, potatoes are often supplemented or replaced by menestra (bean or lentil soup) or yuca.

Soups are without doubt Ecuador's specialty. Most lunches and dinners are accompanied by a savory soup as the first course. Locro soup, made with cheese, avocado and potato, sounds a bit odd, but is actually quite tasty. Chupe de pescado, a fish and vegetable soup with coastal origins, is becoming popular throughout the country. Bolder diners can try yaguarlocro, a potato soup made with sprinkings of blood. Those ready to throw their inhibitions completely to the wind should dip their spoon into caldo de pata, a broth containing chunks of boiled cow hooves, considered a delicacy by locals, and believed by hopeful men to increase virility.

Other dishes found in typical restaurants and homes include: seco de pollo (stewed chicken accompanied by rice and avocado slices); lomo salteado (thin beef steak covered with onions and tomatoes); and seco de chivo (goat stew served with a mound of rice). Tortillas de maiz (thin corn pancakes) and choclo (barbecued Andean corn) are sold by street vendors and make great snacks any time of day.

If after your share of bull penis soup you find yourself hankering for a familiar brand burger, burrito, or pizza, don't panic -- the major cities feature (for better or worse) the omnipresent American fast food chains, such as Pizza Hut, Taco Bell, McDonalds and Burger King.

If you're a cook, street markets and stalls in major towns sell a colorful array of fruit and vegetables. You can also pick up exotic spices, as well as fresh-picked herbs to make sauces, infusions, or remedies.

In need of some pre-packaged food? Supermarket chains in the big cities have enough variety to keep the average chef happy. If you're dreaming of English blue cheese or German sausage, there are a handful of specialty stores and delis, particularly in the more affluent districts of Quito, which will comfort those tastebuds that don't realize just how far you are from home.

Seafood

Seafood is popular and plentiful throughout Ecuador, but particularly on the Pacific Coast. Lobster dinners can be enjoyed along the coast and in major cities for very low prices. In Esmeraldas Province on the northern coast, your tastebuds will happily discover a new culinary twist with encocados, seafood dishes prepared in coconut milk.

The signature dish of the country, however, is ceviche, a seafood dish marinated in lemon and onions -- Ecuador's answer to sushi. Unlike sushi however, Ecuadorian ceviche is always dished up with popcorn! Ceviche can be made of fish (de pescado), shrimp (de camarones), shellfish (de concha), squid (de calamari), or all of the above (mixta). Exercise caution, however, as improperly prepared ceviche --especially de concha-- has become one of the primary carriers of cholera and other nasty bacteria. Most restaurants are aware of this and act accordingly, but choose your dining establishment wisely. Again, trust places where you see locals.

Vegetarian

Vegetarians will be pleasantly surprised by the wide selection of vegetarian options in Quito, Otavalo, and Baños. Don't expect too many menu options outside of these three cities, however. Most places can accommodate you with some variation of rice and beans (arroz con fréjol). You may get a few raised eyebrows, but at least your meal will be meat-free.

International Cuisine

As an up-and-coming cosmopolitan city, Quito also offers a decent selection of international cuisine. If you fancy Argentinean steak, Italian pasta, Japanese sushi, or French fondue, you won't be disappointed. Expect prices substansially lower than those in the United States or Europe, but higher than typical Ecuadorian food. Chinese, Mexican, Cuban, Arabic, Indian, and vegetarian meals are available in Quito at reasonable prices. Outside of Quito and Guayaquil, only Baños offers a good mixture of international cuisine.

Vocabulary of food preparation:

A la brasa: grilled
Al vapor: steamed
Apanado: batter-fried/breaded
Brosterizado: deep-fried
Encocado: stewed in coconut
Frito: pan-fried
Hornado: roasted
Reventado: skillet-fried
Seco: stewed meat plate

Drinks

For the sake of your intestinal happiness, drink only bottled or boiled water. Distilled and sparkling waters from Ecuadorian springs are available throughout the country and are of good quality. If you head for the tap, you´ll probably be heading for the bathroom, or worse, the doctor a few days later. Remember that tap water is sometimes used in ice, so request your beverages "sin hielo" (without ice) in restaurants.

Along wiith the mouthwatering exotic fruits of Ecuador come delicious fruit juices, (jugos) including naranjilla (a cross between an orange and a tomato), tomate de árbol (tree tomato), mora (blackberry), guanabana (a luscious thick aromatic sweet white juice), maracuya (passion fruit) and papaya.

Bottled and canned fizzy drinks (including Coca Cola, Sprite and Fanta) are widely available throughout the country, as are teas and coffees. In spite of Ecuador's status as a coffee producing country, coffee quality is often rather disappointing, as the best beans are usually sent over the border. But if you can hunt down a good cafe you´ll be able to revel in some first-rate caffeine, made from home-grown beans.

Chicha is a traditional libation found throughout the Andes and the Orient, made from fermented maiz, rice or yuca (manioc). In some rural parts of Ecuador, the fermentation process is augmented by human saliva: Chicha makers (typically women) chew the ingredients and spit them back in the pot to brew. It´s not a good idea to sample it though, as hepatitis B is commonly passed with the bowl. A variety of Andean versions of Chicha exist that aren´t chewed and may be safe.

Not to be missed is the Andean alcoholic drink of choice: canelazo (or canelito), a popular fiesta drink similar to a hot toddy, made of boiled water, sugar cane alcohol, lemon, sugar and cinnamon.

Good wine from Chile and Argentina is widely available. The cheapest way to enjoy the grape is in the form of a carton (yes, a box!) from the local supermarket. The quality is not the best and you won't get the glorious sound of a popping cork, but you'll pay only half the price. If your palate is a bit more finicky, fine wines from Chile, Argentina, France, Spain, and Italy are also available.

Most bars serve pilsner-style beers of decent quality and very good value. The most popular brand is Pilsener, which comes in a large bottle. If you are a fan of Cuba Libres, Daiquiris or Pina Coladas, the local rum is great, and surprisingly cheap. And finally, if you want to develop that WC Field's red face or Jimmy Durante nose, why not try the local firewater: aguardiente. It's strong, frightfully cheap, and guaranteed to keep your toes warm.

Common Sense at the Table: a few tips

Allow yourself a bit of time to adjust intestinally; eat very cautiously the first few days and then slowly begin to venture out on a culinary limb. Keeping healthy is not only about avoiding germs, but also about acclimating to new ones. Many Ecuadorians complain about traveling to the States and getting sick from U.S. food or water, so it goes both ways!

Contrary to popular belief, food, rather than water, is usually the culprit of intestinal problems. Eating well cooked, piping hot food, is possibly the best way to avoid problems. Avoid uncooked and under cooked foods. You should especially avoid salads until you´ve developed some local intestinal flora to be able to handle it. Fruits that must be peeled before being eaten, such as bananas, pineapples, and oranges, are usually a safe bet.

Most (but not all!) tourist-frequented places understand the limitations of the gringo stomach and act accordingly in the kitchen. Food bought on the street, and in apparently unsanitary restaruants should be avoided.

Assume that water is unsafe to consume unless you know otherwise. Ask for bottled water (agua pura or agua con gas). The easiest and safest way to ensure safe drinking water (other than direct from a sealed bottle) is to boil it. Remember, however, that once the water cools it can be recontaminated, so keep purified water in a covered container. Also, since Quito is at an altitude, water boils without reaching 100 degrees Centrigrade, so not all bacteria is necessarily killed. Let water stay at a rolling boil for a few minutes so it gets hot enough to kill anything that could hurt you. Iodine tablets are an excellent alternative when boiling is impractical. Your local cafe may use water from a variety of sources in making its juices, so exercise caution in your choice of establishments. Milk is often used in fruit juices to lend a creamier texture, but is sometimes not pasteurized, so once again be cautious. Like water, milk can be purified by boiling.

Avoid your impulses to sample exotic foods from the sea (especially shrimp) or the rainforest. Consumption of such items only adds more strain to already over-extenuated ecosystems.